⑴ 英语里的元音字母有哪些呢
所谓元音字母,或者元音字母,就是语言里起着发声作用的字母。在英语中,A、E、I、O、U属于元音字母,其中U是半元音。
虽然只有5个元音字母,他们却像变魔术一样能变出好多读音来。这主要是和元音字母是否在重读音节,以及元音字母是在开音节还是闭音节来决定的。
各国语法:
1、美国
美国常用语言的元音字母美国英语中,a,e,i,o,u是元音字母。元音字母在重读开音节、重读相对开音节中发长音,在重读闭音节中发短音。
美国的西班牙语和意大利语里,a、e、i、o、u为元音字母。每个元音字母对应着一个元音,只是意大利语里e和i有开口音和闭口音的区别。开口音开口程度比较大,闭音节开口程度比较小。
2、德语
德语里,a、e、i、o、u和变元音ä、ö、ü为元音字母,后面无辅音或只有一个辅音,或者后面有不发音的h时发长音,而后面有几个辅音时发成短音。
3、法语
法语里,a、e、i、o、u、y(音名i grec)是元音字母。每个元音字母的发音基本固定,但元音字母e的发音比较复杂,在两个mm前要发/a/音。
e在闭音节中,或两个相同的辅音字母前,或加钝音符或长音符时发美国英语e的短音/ε/,在加尖音符时要发美国英语e的长音/e/,在词首开音节中或在单音节词尾。
或在前面有两个发音的辅音字母,后面有一个发音的辅音字母时发/ә/音,在词末,元音字母前,或者前后音都是发音的辅音字母,而辅音字母的外侧两边都是发音的元音字母时,不发音。
4、俄语
俄语里,а、е、ё、и、о、у、ы、э、ю、я是元音字母。每个元音字母的发音基本固定,但元音е、о、я处在非重读音节时要读为а和и的音。
(1)意大利fax怎么读扩展阅读:
发音规则:
a
在开音节中[ei] name、play、Jane、baby、cake
在闭音节中 [ae] bag、dad、hat、map、black、back
e
在开音节中 [i:] he、these、me、Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed、let、pen、desk、yes、egg
i
在开音节中 [ai] bike、drive、time、nice、kite
在闭音节中 [i] fish、big、drink、sit、milk、swim
o
在开音节中 [eu] those、close、go、hoe、home、no
在闭音节中 [ɒ] clock、not、box、shop、sock
u
在开音节中 [ju:] student、excuse、ty、Tuesday
在闭音节中 [ʌ] bus、cup、jump、much、lunch
在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June、blue、ruler、super
二、音素:
在拉丁字母中,A、E、I、O、U通常都是元音字母。然而,具体的定义还是根据各种语言的定义。例如,在威尔士语,W和Y也是元音字母;捷克语用上了R来表示其中一个卷舌的元音,所以在捷克语中,“R”也是一个元音字母。
另外,在印度次大陆的不少语言,都有元音化r及元音化l这两个特殊元音。香港开端口初期,当地通行广州话,而广州话的“子”“四”等字的元音(韵母),在外国人听起来,就好像英语的“Z”音。
所以殖民地官员用上了Z来拼这些字,就成了“Tsz”“Sz”。这么说来,连“Z”也可以变成元音字母了。国语的注音二式和雅礼拼音也都是如此。
所以,要看一个字母是否元音字母,并不能死记,而要随同不同的语言而有变化。希腊字母的道理也相同,因为在特殊的程况下“Η”可以不是元音字母,而是标示/h/音的字母。
对于其他采用拼音文字的语言来讲则比较简单,因为它们都有特定的字母来表示元音。元音是指发音时不受到发音器官的阻碍发出的声音,辅音是指发音时受到发音器官的阻碍发出的声音。
二十六个拉丁字母中的五个元音字母是aeiou,其他的除Y和W是半元音字母以外的都是辅音字母,元音字母是在语言里起到发声作用的字母。
⑵ 英语导游(意大利 米兰)
General Information
Location: Lombardy, northwest Italy.
Population: 1,181,700 (official estimate for 2002).
Ethnic mix: 96.5% Italian, 1% Asian, 1% African, 1% European, 0.5% American.
Religion: Predominantly Roman Catholic.
Milan is divided into 20 distinct zones that are identified numerically by the local council, but which also have names. Although every area is not listed here, each plays its own special role in the history of Milan; from the importantissimo historical centre to the modern “dormitory quarters” of San Siro.
The Historical Centre, incorporates the fashion district, and Castello Sforzesco, the glorious Piazza della Scala and other areas of historical interest. Many people actually live in the city centre, but they find that there are some disadvantages involved in living there e.g. lack of parking spaces, supermarkets and dry cleaner's, the rent can also be incredibly high. On the upside, there is always plenty to do; there are many excellent restaurants and bars within walking distance, and a summer's evening stroll through this area is absolute bliss.
North of the centre are some well-known streets, which are popular with residents, businessmen and visitors: Corso Venezia and its intersecting roads are lined with noblemen's palaces; in some cases these are still used as residences, in others, they have been converted into luxury offices. The gardens of Porta Venezia make up a small, enclosed park, which is one of the most beautiful in Milan. Further north, is Corso Buenos Aires, one of the largest commercial main roads, which is easy to reach and is well served by the metro; it has a cosmopolitan feel, many immigrants live here, and because of this, there are many different ethnic restaurants.
Corso Magenta is in the Magenta district and leads into the centre; this corso is ‘healthy and wealthy', one half has hardly any shops, but many gorgeous palazzi with exquisite, hidden gardens while the other half has a multitude of shops, some of which are very prestigious. The corso is well served by public transport; it has lots of traffic and few parking spaces ring the day, but becomes a great deal more peaceful at night-time.
Southwest of Milan stands the Ticinese-Navigli area, this quarter is a mixture of old and new. Many of the original residents (or their descendants) still live in Ticinese and there are many case di ringhiera - apartments with wrought-iron balconies that face inwards. Blue-collar workers lived here at the beginning of the twentieth century. The apartments have undergone renovation and some now house architects, artists, fashion designers et al. This area is full of bars and shops selling clothes and basic necessities to meet the needs of employees and residents. Via Chiesa Rossa, (which is on the Naviglio, the city's canal system), is characterized by the wave of immigration which took place here in the '50s and '60s. The area by Il Naviglio teems with nightclubs, which means that it is always lively and chaotic. The Naviglio leads to the autostrada for Genova. The Assago complex, where the FilaForum Milanofiori is situated, can be seen on the motorway. The FilaForum is home to concerts, exhibitions and all kinds of events.
Another district that is famous for its exhibitions and Trade Fairs is Amendola-Fiera; this is a residential area as well, with many tree-lined streets and tall palazzi, most of these palazzi were constructed after 1930, and so they are still in good condition. Vittoria is also a popular residential area that has a working/middle-class feel; Viale Lazio (one of the streets in this area) is predominantly made up of residential, leafy avenues; Corso Lodi reverberates with the hum of commercial activity; Viale Umbria is residential and Corso XXII Marzo is filled with shops. Some fashion houses have their headquarters in Vittoria, between Viale Umbri and Corso Lodi. Further east, between Forlanini's verdant park and Taliedo, (heading towards Linate airport) is the Idroscalo, a large dock filled with water where you can swim, sunbathe, and sail. There is still some instrial activity further east on Viale Mugello and towards Viale Molise (the large complex of Macello Comunale) and further out, beyond the station of Porta Vittoria, is the famous wholesale market, Mercato Ortofrutticolo.
Città Studi (Study city) is located in the east of Milan and as the name suggests, is the University district, home to the Polytechnic and several chemistry, biology and pharmaceuticals departments. Many of the buildings here were constructed in the ‘20s, ‘30s and ‘40s and the overall feel is that of a charming residential area with trees on every street.
To the north of the city lies Isola, located just behind the main station (Stazione Centrale), other zones in the vicinity are home to large hospital complexes, such as Ospedale Maggiore and CTO.
San Siro is famous for its stadio S. Siro football ground and its Monte stella, stadium. This area sums up Milan as it combines a love for music,media, glamour and football!
True, Italy's financial center, business hub, fashion capital, and one of the world's most instrialized major cities is crowded, noisy, hot in the summer and damp and foggy in the winter, less easygoing and more expensive than other Italian places -- in short, not as immediately appealing a stopover as Venice, Florence, or Rome.
Milan, though, reveals its long and event-filled history in a pride of monuments, museums, and churches. It sets one of the finest tables in Italy, features art by such towering geniuses as Michelangelo (his final sculpture) and Leonardo da Vinci (Last Supper), and supports a cultural scene that embraces La Scala, fashion shows, and nightlife. With its dazzling shop windows and sophisticated ways, Milan is a pleasure to get to know -- and, despite all that's been said about the city's exorbitant prices, you needn't empty the bank account to do so.
这是解释
一般的数据
位置: 意大利北部州名,西北的 Italy。
人口: 1,181,700.( 官员估计为 2002)
人种的混合物: 96.5% Italian , 1% 亚洲人 , 1% 非洲人,1% 欧洲人,0.5% 美国人。
宗教: 居多罗马天主教。
米兰被区分为 20个被地方性的会议数字的识别清楚的地域, 但是也有名字。 虽然并非每个区域不被在这里列出,在米兰的历史中的每场游戏它的自己特别的角色;从 importantissimo 历史的中心到现代人 San Siro 的 "宿舍四分之一"。
历史的中心,合并流行区域 , 和 Castello Sforzesco,历史的兴趣光荣的广场 della Scala 和其他的。许多人们实际上住在城市中心,但是他们找有一些缺点积极叁与的在那里的生活中举例来说停车位,自选市场和干的洗衣店的缺乏,租金也可能是不能采信地高。在上侧之上,那里总是很多做的;在步行距离里面有许多优良的餐厅和酒吧,而且夏天的傍晚闲逛过这个区域是 absolute 福佑。
中心的北方是一些众所周知的街道, 对~感到流行居民,商人和访客: Corso Venezia 而且它的横断道路与~一起排成一行 noblemen's 宫殿;在某些情况这些仍然被当作住宅使用,在其他人中,他们有被转换成奢侈办公室。 Porta Venezia 的花园捏造一个小的, 被附上的公园, 是在米兰最美丽的之一。比较远的北方,是 Corso 布也诺赛丽斯,最大的之一商业的干线道路, 对到达并且被大城市很好地服侍是容易的;它有一个四海为家的人感觉,许多移民在这里居住,而且因为这,有许多不同的人种餐厅。
Corso 红紫色是进入中心之内在红紫色区域和领引中; corso 是‘健康的和富有的 ',一一半地刚刚有任何的商店,但是有精致的,藏着花园的许多华丽的 palazzi 而另一个一半有商店的多数,一些哪一个是很享有声望。 corso 被公众的传送很好地服侍;它在天期间有许多交通和很少的停车位, 但是在晚上变得更和平-时间。
米兰台子的西南 Ticinese- Navigli 区域, 这四分之一以前是一个混合和新的。许多最初的居民 (或他们的后裔) 仍然住在 Ticinese ,而且有许多情形 di ringhiera- 由于面对臀酢的铸铁阳台的公寓。 蓝领阶级的工人在这里从最初的地方二十的世纪居住。公寓有遭遇革新和一些现在收容建筑师,艺术家,流行设计者 et al。 这个区域充满酒吧和商店卖衣服和基本需要符合职员和居民的需要。 经由 Chiesa Rossa,(是在 Naviglio 之上,城市的运河系统),被在 19 50 年代和 19 60 年代中发生的移民波特色。 Il Naviglio 的区域由于夜总会充满, 意谓它总是活泼的和混乱的。 为 Genova 的对 autostrada 的 Naviglio 领引。 Assago 合成物,在 FilaForum Milanofiori 是位于的地方,能在汽车高速公路上被看到。 FilaForum 是在家到音乐会,展览和各种的事件。
以它的展览和贸易展览会而闻名的另外一个区域是 Amendola-Fiera ;这由于许多树排成一行的街道和高的 palazzi 也是一个住宅的区域大多数的这些 palazzi 在 1930 之后被构造, 和因此他们仍然是在好的情况。 Vittoria 也是一个有工作/中产阶级感觉的流行住宅的区域; Viale Lazio(这个区域的街道之一) 居多由~组成住宅的, 叶茂盛的大街; Corso Lodi 由于商业的活动嗡嗡声回响; Viale Umbria 是住宅,而且 Corso XXII Marzo 被装满 商店。 一些流行房子在 Vittoria 中有他们的总部,在 Viale Umbri 和 Corso Lodi 之间。进一步的东方,在 Forlanini's 翠绿的公园和 Taliedo 之间 ,(向 Linate 飞机场朝向)是 Idroscalo ,被装满 水的一个大的码头你能哪里游泳,日光浴 , 和帆。有在 Viale Mugello 之上比较进一步东的仍然一些工业的活动和向 Viale Molise(Macello Comunale 的大合成物) 而且促进出,超过 Porta Vittoria 的车站,是出名的批发市场, Mercato Ortofrutticolo。
Citt à Studi(研究城市 ) 位于那米兰东部而且当名字提议,是大学区域,回家到各种工艺的和一些化学,生物学和药学的部门。 许多建筑物这里在‘ 20 年代,‘ 30 年代和‘ 40 年代中被构造,而且全部者感觉是有每条街道上的树迷人的住宅区域的。
到城市的北方躺卧 Isola, 仅仅在主要的车站 (Stazione Centrale) 之后位于, 其他的地域在接近中是在家到大的医院合成物,例如 Ospedale Maggiore 和科技长。
San Siro 以它的 stadio S. Siro 足球地面和它的 Monte stella 而闻名,体育馆。 在米兰上面的这个区域总数当它为音乐,媒体,迷人的美和足球联合爱之时!
真实的,Italy's 财政的中心 , 生意毂,形成首都,而且世界的大部分之一工业化主要的城市在夏天是拥挤的,吵杂的,和热的而在冬天是潮湿的和雾深的, 较不逍遥自在的和更贵的比较其他的 Italian 放置 -- 简而言之, 不同样地立刻上诉一个逗留如威尼斯,佛罗伦斯或罗马。
米兰在一群纪念碑,博物馆和教堂中,虽然,显示它的长和事件填充的历史。它在 Italy 中设定最好的桌子之一,为如此的高耸 geniuses 的艺术作广告如米开兰基罗 (他的结局雕刻) 和达文西 (最后的晚餐) ,而且支援文化的现场以拥抱 La Scala ,流行表演和夜生活。 借由它的眼花撩乱的商店窗户和复杂的方法,米兰是快乐开始知道 --并且 ,不在乎所有的被被说有关城市的过度价格的事,你不需要倒空这麽做的银行帐户。
⑶ 意大利驻上海领事馆的邮箱
意大利驻上海总领事馆 邮箱:[email protected]
地址: 上海 长乐路989号世纪商贸广场19楼
邮编 200031
电话:021-6596 5900
传真:021-64716977
紧急联系电话(仅限于紧急情况下意大利公民与领馆联系时使用): +86 13901993054
电邮地址: [email protected]
请注意,意大利驻上海总领事签证处只接待在以下中心有预约的申请人。
意大利签证中心:
上海市黄浦区四川中路213号久事商务大厦3层 200002
问询电话: +86 21 51859768
欲预约签证或了解签证信息: www.italyvac.cn
请注意:意大利签证申请中心自2015年6月8日起搬迁至:
200002 上海市黄浦区四川中路213号久事商务大厦3层
电话号码变更为:+86 21 51859768
⑷ 在中国,传真去意大利怎样拨打
发送国际传真形式:
国际代码(00)+国家代码(如中国是86)+地区区号(区号前面的“0”去掉)+传真号码
意大利的国家代码是39
应该拨:0039***********
⑸ 意大利语Fac-Simile 是什么意思,
是facsimile吧?是传真的意思。现在fax这个单词就是从facsimile来的。facsimile来自拉丁语,其中fac是facere变位来的(做的意思)、而simile是相同的意思。
如果想去意大利旅游,留学,移民 那就必须学会语言
YY 7740频道 意系 每天时间八点半都有专业的免费意大利语课
只要创造一个帐号 搜索7740 找到意系 就能又专业的意大利培训
欢迎你的到来
希望有帮助到你,谢谢
⑹ 请教下面这段话用意大利语怎么说
我在大学学了一段时间的意大利语,
Ho studiato l'italiano all'universita’per un periodo,
意大利语对我而言非常难,
l'italiano e' una lingua troppo difficile per me,
我只会说一点点。Lo so parlare pochissimo.
但是我很喜欢意大利,非常向往能来意大利上学,为此也付出了很多努力。
Ma mi piace molto l'Italia, spero vivamente di poterci andare per studiare, percio' mi sono anche impegnato/a tanto per riuscirci.
但是近期因为某些原因,我现在身体不是很好,独自出远门恐怕不利于我的健康。
Purtroppo, ultimamente, a causa di motivi vari, adesso non sto molto bene di salute, e penso che intraprendere da solo/a un lungo viaggio non sarebbe stato un bene per la mia salute.
情况有点突然,我个人也很为难,无奈,只好选择以后再来意大利学习。
La situazione e' piombata all'improvviso,personalmente mi sento a disagio,dispiaciuto/a,impotente,sono costretto/a a dovervi comunicare che verro' in Italia a studiare in futuro.
不知道贵校是否已经确定预录取名单并且已经传真给意大利驻上海总领事馆(Consulte General of Italy in Shanghai),为了不浪费这个宝贵的名额,特告知贵校我的这些情况。
Non so se avete gia' deciso la lista dei nominativi delle persone ammesse alla vostra universita' e se lo avete gia' inviato mezzo fax al Consolato Italiano sito in Shanghai, per non sprecare il posto di ammissione,vi vorrei far presente la mia situazione。
对于我给贵校带来的诸多不便深感抱歉。希望您能在百忙中回复我的邮件,非常感谢!
Mi dispiace tanto per avervi causato dell'inconvenienza. Spero che mi possiate rispondere nonostante siate molto occupati, vi ringrazio molto anticipatamente!